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Index/Topics/Rule 41 Amendment

Rule 41 Amendment

The amendment to Rule 41 that broadened magistrates' authority and fueled controversy over the authorization of remote access.

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Feb 2, 2026

What legal standards do US courts apply when authorizing NITs to target Tor users?

courts treat the ’s use of network investigative techniques (NITs) against Tor users as a search for Fourth Amendment purposes that must be supported by probable cause and particularized warrants, but...