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A philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes human agency and the use of reason, empathy, and science to inform moral decisions.
sit at the crossroads of autonomy, beneficence, non‑maleficence and justice, and do not agree whether it is fundamentally “good” or “bad”; the literature frames it as a contested practice that can be ...
Killing can sometimes be morally justified, but only under narrow, contested conditions—most commonly self-defense, defense of others, and regulated wartime contexts—and philosophical accounts disagre...
The contest for "the in life" collapses into two competing families: foundational metaphysical queries—why is there something rather than nothing, what is reality, how did arise—and the existential, p...