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The process of refining silver, including scrap and industrial residues.
The landscape is dominated by a mix of national networks that refine scrap and bullion, specialized regional refiners, and a few miners with in-house smelting capacity — but there is no single indepen...
Refiners recover from nontraditional streams using established metallurgical routes—primarily melting and physical separation for jewelry and household scrap, and targeted chemical or industrial recyc...
() recovery of silver from uses leaching agents and downstream steps like solvent extraction and electrowinning and generally emits fewer airborne pollutants than smelting but generates concentrated l...