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U.S. policy initiatives and operational changes

The role of U.S. policy initiatives and operational changes in reducing immigration encounters

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2 results
Jan 14, 2026

What policy changes under Biden and Trump most affected illegal border crossing numbers (Title 42, Remain in Mexico, parole programs)?

Two sets of policies — public‑health expulsions under Title 42 and courtroom-wait rules like Remain in Mexico (MPP) — plus the creation and rollback of large parole programs (CBP One and CHNV) were th...

Jan 9, 2026

What role did the 2003 Homeland Security Act play in forming immigration enforcement agencies?

The Homeland Security Act (HSA) reorganized U.S. immigration administration by abolishing the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) and transferring its functions into a new Department of Homel...