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The effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in preventing infection and severe illness, including the impact of vaccine waning and new variants.
-safety">Shingrix’s headline relative efficacy (>90% reduction in shingles cases in trials) masks a much smaller absolute risk reduction (ARR): roughly 3.3–3.6 percentage points over about 3–4 years f...
The pivotal phase 3 ZOE-50 and ZOE-70 trials that supported SHINGRIX licensing were randomized, observer‑blind, placebo‑controlled studies — participants were assigned to receive two doses of the reco...
Current reporting shows that vaccination lowers the risk of severe illness and hospitalization but does not guarantee protection against repeat infection; vaccine protection against infection wanes ov...
The number needed to vaccinate (NNV) for cannot be pinned to a single figure from available public reports because NNV depends on (VE) and the baseline risk of in the population — parameters that vary...
Two well-controlled phase 3 trials of the recombinant protein vaccine NVX‑CoV2373 showed high clinical efficacy for a two‑dose primary series — about 89.7% against symptomatic COVID‑19 in the UK trial...
Antibody kinetics after the first (prime) versus second (boost) vaccine dose follow a classic prime–boost pattern: the first dose elicits a slower, lower-magnitude antibody response that begins antige...
A small set of large, population‑level cohort studies and national register analyses have probed long‑term outcomes after routine childhood vaccination schedules, but the literature remains sparse and...