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The process and consequences of voluntary departure, including the differences between voluntary departure and removal.
prove to be a stitched-together mosaic: ’s Office of Homeland Security Statistics (OHSS) aggregates and “cleans and validates” reported by , ’s Office of Field Operations (OFO) and the U.S. Border Pat...
Once an immigration judge or applicable officer issues a removal (deportation) order, the government moves from adjudication to enforcement: is authorized to carry out the order, notify the person to ...
distinguishes , s, and informal “self‑deportation” both legally and statistically: a removal is a government‑ordered, compulsory expulsion while returns are movements that are not based on an order of...
DHS treats "repatriations" as an umbrella statistic that mixes several distinct administrative actions—formal removals, returns (administrative/voluntary departures and withdrawals), and Title 42 expu...
The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) treats "removals" as formal, ordered expulsions while "returns" bundle several non‑order departures — including voluntary departures, voluntary returns, and w...
and immigration law distinguish an official "" (the modern legal process) from colloquial "deportation," while "voluntary return"/"" describe non‑coerced exits that carry different legal consequences;...
’s public tallies of people “removed or self‑deported” combine several distinct administrative actions: formal removals (orders executed by DHS), and enforcement returns, and voluntary or “self‑deport...
DHS treats “self‑deportation” as voluntary departure facilitated and recorded through programs like CBP Home/Project Homecoming and counts participants who enroll and confirm departure in its systems ...