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War Plan Red

A U.S. military plan for a potential war with Canada, which was exposed and led to the termination of Defence Scheme No. 1.

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Jan 17, 2026
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What specific operations did Defence Scheme No. 1 propose and how did Canada revise it over the 1920s?

Defence Scheme No. 1 was a 1920–21 Canadian contingency prepared by Lieutenant‑Colonel James Sutherland “Buster” Brown that called for immediate, surprise cross‑border raids into the northern United S...

Jan 17, 2026

What specific logistical challenges did War Plan Red identify for invading Canada by rail and sea?

War Plan Red singled out Canada’s transportation spine—its rail hubs, the Great Lakes, and key Atlantic and Pacific ports—as both objectives and logistical chokepoints, while acknowledging that sea co...