What specific articles of impeachment are outlined in H.Res.537 and H.Res.939?

1. H.Res.537 — Article I: Unilateral use of force and usurpation of Congress’s war power

H.Res.537’s primary articulated article of impeachment accuses the President of disregarding the Constitution’s separation of powers by unilaterally employing force without congressional authorization, effectively usurping Congress’s constitutional power to declare war under Article I, Section 8, Clause 11, and thereby committing an abuse of power that threatens American democracy ^{[1] [2]}. The text, as reproduced on GovTrack and Congress.gov, says the President’s “unilateral, unprovoked use of force without congressional authorization or notice” occurred “when there was no imminent threat” and describes this conduct as facilitating a slide toward authoritarianism and as constituting an impeachable abuse of power ^{[1] [2]}.

2. H.Res.939 — Multiple articles alleging incitement, threats to lawmakers and intimidation of judges

H.Res.939, filed later in the 119th Congress, presents a package of articles describing President Trump as “an abuser of Presidential power” who promotes violence, invidious hate, and democratic erosion, and it enumerates specific charges including a claim that the President called for the execution of lawmakers—language characterized in the resolution as a “reckless and flagrant abuse” that promotes extrajudicial punishment—and a separate article alleging abuse of power to intimidate federal judges in violation of separation of powers and judicial independence ^{[3] [5]}. The resolution’s public filing and press materials explicitly state it advances articles of impeachment for “high crimes and misdemeanors” tied to threats of violence against members of Congress and efforts to intimidate the judiciary ^{[4] [3]}.

3. Procedural posture and congressional reaction

Both resolutions generated floor action and votes: the Clerk’s roll call shows House consideration of H.Res.537, which was the subject of a motion to table during the 119th Congress ^{[6] [7]}, and official House records indicate a motion to table H.Res.939 passed in a recorded vote on December 11, 2025, after Members voted on advancing or tabling Representative Green’s articles ^[8]. Advocacy groups and supporters publicly applauded Members who voted to advance H.Res.939 and criticized those who voted to table it, framing the tabling as a failure to uphold constitutional duties ^{[9] [10]}.

4. How the texts frame the alleged misconduct

The texts themselves frame the alleged misconduct not merely as political impropriety but as constitutional breaches: H.Res.537 ties the claimed unilateral use of force to an erosion of democracy and a threat to due process ^{[1] [2]}, while H.Res.939 frames alleged calls for violence and intimidation of judges as direct assaults on representative government and the rule of law, explicitly linking those acts to potential assassination or extra‑judicial punishment and to a broader pattern of abusing presidential power ^{[3] [5]}.

5. Limits, alternative views, and what the public record does not resolve

The available sources are the resolutions’ own texts and associated House records and press releases, which describe and assert the articles but do not resolve contested factual questions about the underlying conduct; critics of tabling and supporters of the motions to table advance competing procedural and evidentiary arguments about whether a full investigatory process is required before impeachment ^{[9] [10]}. The present reporting and the government-published texts identify the specific articles and their legal framing, but do not adjudicate the factual claims or the legal sufficiency that would be tested in committee or trial ^{[2] [1] [5]}.