Index/Locations/Estonia

Estonia

Country in Northern Europe

Fact-Checks

49 results
Dec 12, 2025
Most Viewed

What was the global Jewish population by country in 1939 before World War II?

In 1939 the world Jewish population is widely estimated at about 16.6 million, with roughly 9.5 million (57%) living in Europe and about 449,000 in Mandatory Palestine/Israel; Poland alone had about 3...

Nov 24, 2025
Most Viewed

Which countries have mandatory national digital IDs and how do their laws differ from U.S. proposals?

Several countries already operate national digital ID systems; notable mandatory or effectively mandatory programs include India’s Aadhaar (widely required for many services) and Estonia’s long-standi...

Oct 19, 2025
Most Viewed

Which European country has the highest online speech arrest rate in 2024?

Across the documents provided, ; the existing reports document widespread arrests and harassment tied to online expression but stop short of a country-by-country ranking or a definitive “highest” figu...

Nov 10, 2025

Which countries require mobile or digital IDs instead of physical passports in 2024?

No country in 2024 formally *requires* citizens or travelers to use a mobile or digital ID in place of a physical passport for international travel; digital ID systems exist widely but generally suppl...

Nov 18, 2025

How does the US rank in global freedom indices compared to other countries?

The United States ranks in the upper-middle tier on broad, multi-dimensional freedom measures but performs unevenly across different indices: it is tied 17th on the Human Freedom Index (out of ~165 ju...

Nov 13, 2025

Which EU countries are leading digital ID adoption?

Estonia, Denmark and Spain emerge repeatedly in available reporting as the most advanced EU adopters of national digital identity systems, with and Spain’s DNIe/MiDNI increasingly integrated into smar...

Nov 13, 2025

NATO had no right to expand in the Baltic countries

NATO’s enlargement into the Baltic states was a political decision grounded in the Alliance’s treaty principle and the expressed requests of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania; no binding international tr...

Nov 5, 2025

Is it true that a lot of countries are thinking of implementing a Digital ID for surveillance purposes?

Many countries are actively implementing or exploring digital ID systems, but the evidence does not support a single global project explicitly designed for state surveillance; instead, . Recent report...

Dec 12, 2025

How do rates of long-term symptoms compare between vaccinated individuals and unvaccinated COVID-19 survivors?

Multiple large observational studies and systematic reviews find COVID-19 vaccination before infection reduces the risk of developing long COVID by a meaningful margin: a multinational cohort found ha...

Dec 8, 2025

Did Kallas say she wants to Balkanize Russia?

Claims that EU foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas (also spelled Kaja/Kaya/Kaya in some outlets) said she wants to “Balkanize Russia” stem from recent media stories and social posts quoting remarks at th...

Dec 9, 2025

What countries require digital ID for international travel in 2026?

As of the available reporting, no country is universally requiring a phone-based digital ID in lieu of a passport for international air border crossings in 2026; the EU is rolling out an EU Digital Id...

Nov 3, 2025

Which EU member states collect fingerprints and facial images for EES and do any temporarily opt out?

The Entry/Exit System (EES) will collect from non‑EU nationals in the majority of Schengen and EU countries when it starts operations on 12 October 2025, with progressive roll‑out completing by April ...

Nov 29, 2025

Australia protests digital ID

Tens of thousands of Australians and multiple political actors are publicly opposing the federal Digital ID and related online age‑verification measures, arguing the programs risk privacy, coercion an...

Oct 14, 2025

What are the main objectives of Project Esther 2025 for women's development?

Project Esther 2025 centers on for women transitioning from homelessness, aiming to move beneficiaries toward sustained independence through time-limited housing and integrated services. The initiativ...

Oct 5, 2025

How does the EU's biometric data policy for US travelers compare to other countries?

The EU's new Entry/Exit System (EES) will require from U.S. travelers entering the Schengen area, replacing passport stamps with biometric checks and electronic records, and will be rolled out from Oc...

Dec 19, 2025

Lithuania plans to acquire 100 Swedish CV90 Mark IV infantry fighting vehicles as part of a six-nation joint procurement arrangement. This decision was approved by Lithuania's State Defense Council.

Lithuania has approved a plan to acquire roughly 100 Swedish CV90 MkIV infantry fighting vehicles as part of a multi‑nation procurement involving five other NATO partners, a move the State Defence Cou...

Nov 16, 2025

What are the factors contributing to high rape rates in European countries?

European data show reported sexual‑violence and rape offences rising sharply: Eurostat reports a 79.2% increase in recorded sexual‑violence offences (2013–2023) and a 141% rise in recorded rape offenc...

Oct 31, 2025

How does Germany's military spending compare to other European countries?

Germany’s military spending has surged sharply in 2024 to roughly $88.5 billion (about €90–91 billion in reported figures), making it the ; this represents a roughly 28% rise from 2023 and an 89% rise...

Jan 12, 2026

How has NATO interpreted Article 5 in cases of cyber and space attacks since 2010?

Since 2010 NATO has steadily broadened its interpretation of Article 5 to include cyber and, more recently, space-related harms—while deliberately keeping thresholds vague so that responses remain pol...

Dec 9, 2025

How did leaked diplomatic cables and phone calls influence narratives about foreign involvement in the Maidan movement?

Leaked diplomatic materials — notably the February 2014 audio of Victoria Nuland and Geoffrey Pyatt and a bugged call reported between Catherine Ashton and Urmas Paet — rapidly reframed public narrati...