nato 2% spend
NATO’s long-standing 2% of GDP defence guideline — agreed after 2014 — has been largely met across the alliance in 2025, with NATO projecting all allies will meet or exceed 2% that year and European a...
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Swedish research institute
NATO’s long-standing 2% of GDP defence guideline — agreed after 2014 — has been largely met across the alliance in 2025, with NATO projecting all allies will meet or exceed 2% that year and European a...
Public documents and secondary reporting set the 2026 common-funded ceilings and explain how bills are split, but none of the provided sources supplies a complete, published per‑country 2026 NSIP paym...
Available public datasets and government pages show that Foreign Military Financing (FMF) is the U.S. program that channels grants and loans to allies to buy U.S. weapons, services and training . Deta...
— led by giants such as , , , and — have repeatedly profited from wars and spikes in military spending, and and industry rankings show their revenues and market dominance rising when conflicts intensi...
Germany has historically spent less of its GDP on defence than the United Kingdom and roughly the same or slightly less than France in recent years; in 2023 German defence outlays were about 1.6% of G...
The simple claim "Does the US have the most nuclear bombs?" is false on the best available counts: in the most recent public tallies. Multiple respected trackers and compilations from 2024–2025 consis...
The short answer is : even the largest proposed funding packages reported in 2025–26 are a fraction of ’s military spending; China’s defense outlays are measured in the low hundreds of billions of dol...
’s 2021–2024 renegotiation of cost‑sharing cut the traditional U.S. concessionary share of common‑funded budgets from roughly the low‑22% range to about 16% for programs agreed in 2021–2024, a shift d...
’s 5% by 2035 pledge—3.5% for core defence and 1.5% for resilience and security-related spending—creates a sharp set of political and economic trade‑offs: it can materially strengthen deterrence and i...
The clearest predictors that a regional conflict will leap to a global war in today’s nuclear landscape are great‑power entanglement combined with eroding alliance credibility, the breakdown of arms‑c...
UNCLOS explicitly allows boarding and other enforcement against stateless vessels on the high seas, while coastal-state enforcement powers inside the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) are more limited and...
Most recent reporting and peer-reviewed studies converge on a short list of places likely to fare better than others in a full-scale nuclear exchange: Australia, New Zealand and a handful of remote is...
The available analyses indicate that defense-related outlays rose substantially in the period covering 2020–2024, with private firms receiving and the United States accounting for . The FY2025 U.S. de...
No country is truly “safe” in a full-scale nuclear war; modern analyses show rising nuclear risks, severe environmental effects, and that relative safety depends on distance from targets, latitude, fo...
Italy supplies some military equipment to Israel but is not identified as a primary source of weapons used in Gaza; while recent domestic actions—such as the blocking of containers at Ravenna and publ...
remade international politics by converting existential fear into a perpetual posture of confrontation: they deterred large-scale wars between major powers while simultaneously institutionalizing mutu...
Israel is a mid-sized but fast-growing player in the global arms market whose specialised, battle‑tested technologies — especially missiles, air‑defense, ISR (intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissanc...
Ukraine has announced a controlled export programme to sell surplus and co‑produced weapons abroad and “two sales offices for weapons produced under co‑production” are to open in Europe (reportedly Be...
European defense spending has risen sharply since Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine: EU/EEA defence expenditures reached about €343 billion in 2024 and are estimated to hit roughly €381–392 billion (≈...
Israel is widely assessed by independent analysts and specialist organizations to possess a nuclear weapons capability, though the Israeli government maintains a deliberate policy of , neither confirm...