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Administrative building in Helsinki, Finland
The Supreme Court’s decision in Trump v. United States created a mixed immunity rule: absolute immunity for some “core” presidential functions, presumptive immunity for official acts at the “outer per...
of their state National Guard and can call them up for state active duty under state law . The president also has statutory powers to federalize and deploy the Guard—most notably under and, in narrow ...
Donald Trump has been the subject of multiple constitutional challenges and political sanctions, and courts and judges have found specific actions of his administration or statements unlawful or likel...
The Constitution requires an “” every ten years to apportion Representatives (Article I, Section 2), but its text does not lay out a detailed list of who precisely must be counted; instead it sets the...
The Supreme Court has repeatedly treated the presidential pardon power as limited to "offenses against the United States" and therefore not a vehicle to clear state-law crimes; foundational cases cite...
The Constitution requires a decennial “actual enumeration” but does not list a detailed methodology or a long definitional list of who counts beyond “persons” or “people”; the 14th Amendment’s phrase ...
No lower court has definitively stripped former President Donald Trump of all presidential immunity in a particular criminal case; the Supreme Court’s 2024 decision in Trump v. United States created a...
Between 2009 and 2016, ; the Senate passed a broad reform bill in 2013 that stalled in the House, while Republican-led congressional actions focused on contesting executive relief programs like DACA a...
As of the dates reflected in the supplied analyses through October 15, 2025, ; reporting and legal summaries indicate convictions remain in place while higher‑court decisions on presidential immunity ...
The Supreme Court’s immunity ruling and subsequent prosecutorial decisions have effectively paused or ended most of the criminal exposure President Trump faced — federal charges tied to classified doc...
Governors generally can refuse a presidential request to deploy Guard forces under Title 32 — the governor is the authority to order Guard duty — but the federal government can federalize Guard troops...
Available reporting shows several high‑profile legal challenges to actions by President Donald Trump that lower courts have deemed unconstitutional and several Supreme Court decisions addressing limit...
The President does not possess a clear, unchecked constitutional power to unilaterally declare nationwide martial law; by statutes, Supreme Court precedents, and political checks. Historical practice ...
The Fourth Amendment protects non-citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures, but the scope of that protection narrows at and near the international border because courts recognize a longstandin...
Only Congress — not the President — has clear constitutional authority to change the date of federal general elections; states also control many timing mechanics for how they choose electors . The Sup...
The Twenty-Fifth Amendment does not permit Congress acting alone to remove a president; Section 4 creates a multi-step process that begins with the vice president and a majority of the Cabinet (or “su...
Legal analysts, commentators and post‑Jan. 6 investigations disagree on whether Donald Trump’s conduct on January 6, 2021 meets the constitutional crime of treason; several former prosecutors and scho...
The Constitution requires a decennial “enumeration” of persons for apportionment but does not spell out a legal definition of who exactly counts as a “person” or the detailed methods to identify them;...
The President’s constitutional pardon power is broad but textually confined to “Offenses against the United States,” meaning federal crimes and certain D.C. and military convictions; it does not reach...
Congress has three constitutional and statutory tools most often discussed for curbing or removing presidential emergency authority: impeachment and conviction under Article I (not detailed in the pro...