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A cluster of high‑profile international awards and compensation claims against Venezuela remained effectively unresolved through 2025, most notably multi‑billion‑dollar investor‑state arbitration awar...
Since 2020 shipping flows have shifted from pandemic-era bottlenecks toward route diversification, regional hub growth and increased transshipment activity in Southeast Asia and Caribbean/Atlantic hub...
ExxonMobil and ConocoPhillips are the highest-profile foreign claimants that have pursued treaty-based ICSID or bilateral‑treaty claims against Venezuela, and more recent filings by companies such as ...
Since 2000 multiple U.S. and foreign-based companies with U.S. ties have pursued arbitration and U.S. court actions to recover assets expropriated by Venezuela after nationalizations that accelerated ...
Gaza sits above confirmed hydrocarbon resources—most notably the Gaza Marine gas field—whose development has been repeatedly blocked by political, security and economic obstacles; international studie...
The claim that the 2026 economic outlook is “good for them, not for us” captures a real tension in forecasts: professional forecasters and major banks expect modest but steady global growth and coolin...
Investment tribunals have coalesced around a “substantial erosion” or “substantial deprivation” yardstick to decide when non‑possessory state measures amount to an indirect expropriation, but landmar...
Venezuela's 2012 denunciation of the ICSID Convention set in motion a selective retreat from investor‑state arbitration and a cautious renegotiation of dispute resolution clauses in its bilateral inve...
International arbitration from the Chávez era produced notable non-oil awards—most prominently a US$740 million ICSID award for Canadian miner Gold Reserve over the Brisas/Unicornio mines—alongside ot...
The phrase “global economic reset” is used to describe calls for large-scale policy shifts and structural change amid slowing growth, higher trade barriers and technological disruption; major institut...
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The evidence shows there is no single “current US tariff” rate; , and recent analyses report markedly different aggregate measures — from an 18.0% effective rate reported in mid‑October 2025 to lower ...