Index/Organizations/United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit

United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit

Current United States federal appellate court

Fact-Checks

35 results
Nov 5, 2025
Most Viewed

Is Trump breaking the Emolument Clause with all the billions of Dollars he's raking in?

Federal courts and investigative reports show continuing legal and factual disputes over whether Donald Trump's business receipts amounted to unconstitutional emoluments; courts have at times revived ...

Jan 26, 2026
Most Viewed

What cases have federal courts decided about the right to record federal agents and how did they rule?

Federal appellate courts have repeatedly recognized a right to record law-enforcement officers performing their public duties, but the doctrine has been shaped by a patchwork of decisions that allow r...

Dec 21, 2025
Most Viewed

Have any court opinions or rulings been issued in the Michelle Obama defamation case that clarify who was named and what statements were at issue?

There is no clear, authoritative court opinion in the provided reporting that definitively lays out who was named and the exact statements at issue in the Michelle Obama defamation matter; most availa...

Jan 22, 2026

How have courts ruled in recent cases challenging ICE entries into private homes without judicial warrants?

Courts so far have split: some district courts have enjoined certain tactics and limited forced entries, while appellate panels have issued stays or relied on historical exceptions to the Fourth Amend...

Dec 8, 2025

Have there been any successful class-action lawsuits against ICE for 4th amendment violations?

Yes. Multiple class actions have produced settlements or judgments restricting ICE practices alleged to violate the Fourth Amendment — most prominently Gonzalez v. ICE, which resulted in a five‑year c...

Dec 6, 2025

How have recent federal or court rulings affected access to gender-affirming care under the ACA?

Federal and court decisions since 2024 have produced conflicting effects on ACA protections for gender-affirming care: several federal courts have found that categorical exclusions violate Section 155...

Nov 3, 2025

Did courts rule that President Donald J. Trump violated the Emoluments Clauses in lawsuits filed 2017–2021?

Courts did not ultimately rule that President Donald J. Trump violated the Constitution’s Foreign or Domestic Emoluments Clauses; the key federal suits filed 2017–2020 were allowed to proceed in lower...

Jan 28, 2026

How have different federal circuits ruled on ICE use of administrative warrants to enter residences?

Federal courts have not spoken with one voice about whether may rely on agency-issued “administrative” warrants to enter private homes; several district judges have treated forced home entry without a...

Jan 18, 2026

How did different circuits apply the ‘moment-of-threat’ rule before the Supreme Court’s decision?

Federal courts were sharply divided before the Supreme Court’s ruling: a minority of circuits—most notably the Fifth, along with the Second, Fourth, and Eighth in practice—applied a compressed “moment...

Jan 12, 2026

How have federal circuit courts differed on ICE warrantless home entries since 2010?

Federal appellate and district courts have split on whether ICE may enter homes without judicial warrants and what remedies victims may obtain: many lower courts and district judges have held warrantl...

Dec 18, 2025

How do circuits differ in rulings about viewing criminal content without downloading it?

Federal courts and Congress have drawn a line between passively viewing streamed content and creating copies, producing uneven outcomes across circuits: many courts and commentators treat private stre...

Dec 11, 2025

Have any recent court rulings or federal enforcement actions targeted PBM conduct related to insulin pricing?

Federal authorities have actively targeted PBM conduct tied to insulin pricing: the Federal Trade Commission filed an administrative lawsuit against the three largest PBMs (Caremark, Express Scripts a...

Feb 6, 2026

How have courts handled restitution calculations in multi‑victim CSAM cases and what precedents guide apportionment of awards?

Federal courts approach under a statutory mandate that both demands full compensation for a victim’s losses and directs judges to tailor awards to a defendant’s relative role — a tension courts have t...

Feb 5, 2026

How have federal circuit courts differed on whether a single utterance of the N‑word creates a hostile work environment under Title VII?

Federal appellate courts are split: several circuits have held that a single, egregious utterance of the N‑word can be enough to send a Title VII claim to a jury, while others treat a lone slur as a n...

Feb 4, 2026

Which U.S. court cases have resolved whether fictional written depictions of minors are obscene?

Federal and appellate courts have grappled with whether fictional depictions of minors can be prosecuted as obscene, producing a mixed record: the upheld a conviction for obscene written and pictorial...

Feb 4, 2026

How did the Fourth Circuit rule in United States v. Whorley and what reasoning did it use to uphold convictions involving anime?

affirmed ’s convictions and 20‑year sentence for numerous counts tied to child‑sex material, including both photographs of real children and Japanese anime cartoons, in a 2–1 panel decision issued in ...

Feb 4, 2026

How have federal courts interpreted 18 U.S.C. §1466A in cases involving manga and anime (e.g., United States v. Handley)?

Federal courts have treated as a narrow but potent avenue to criminalize non-photographic depictions—including manga and anime—only when those works are found obscene under established obscenity law r...

Feb 3, 2026

Was the Jane Doe civil case that included Tiffany Doe’s affidavit ever tried to verdict or dismissed, and where can the full docket history be reviewed?

A definitive answer about whether the specific "" civil case that allegedly included ’s affidavit was tried to verdict or dismissed cannot be produced from the reporting supplied: the documents and do...

Jan 30, 2026

How do U.S. courts interpret the PROTECT Act when applied to drawn or animated sexual material?

The makes drawn or animated sexual depictions of minors prosecutable under federal law when they meet either a “computer-generated indistinguishable” standard or are found to be obscene under 18 U.S.C...

Jan 29, 2026

What key appellate decisions shape discovery rules for alleged child pornography evidence in different federal circuits?

Federal appellate courts have carved divergent paths on how discovery in is handled: some circuits emphasize government control and the statutory limitation on copying alleged images under 18 U.S.C. §...