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The policies of local jurisdictions to limit their cooperation with federal immigration authorities
Since 2024, ICE activity under the Trump administration has shown a clear geographic and tactical split: in Republican-led states and jurisdictions federal enforcement has leaned on arrests inside det...
Yes — reporting and government documents show that some anti‑ICE protesters have committed violence, including assaults, vehicular confrontations and threats, and isolated instances that escalated to ...
Yes—federal law gives ICE officers broad authority to make arrests and, under Attorney General–prescribed regulations, to carry firearms while performing immigration-enforcement duties , but that auth...
Federal immigration officers do not categorically “supersede” state or local law enforcement; ICE is a federal agency whose immigration authorities derive from federal statute and regulations, but tho...
ICE coordinates with local police, Customs and Border Protection (including Border Patrol), state National Guard units and other federal agencies through formal deputization programs, memoranda of agr...
The evidence shows that ICE has deployed different arrest tactics in Democratic-leaning (“blue”) and Republican-leaning (“red”) states: a preponderance of arrests in jails and prisons in red states ve...
Minneapolis’s current reality — where some people federal authorities call “criminal targets” are not sitting in local jails for ICE to pick up — is the product of clashing legal authorities, judicial...
Prosecutorial-discretion memoranda — internal guidance from an administration about whom to target for arrest, detention and removal — shape ICE’s day‑to‑day priorities but operate against a fixed sta...
ICE’s own and independent analyses show that a majority of people booked into ICE custody are arrested after being identified in local jails and prisons (the so‑called Criminal Alien Program) rather t...
The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) have publicly framed the January 14 Minneapolis operations as targeted enforcement actions marked by violent res...
The governing Supreme Court precedents are the anti‑commandeering line—principally New York v. United States and Printz v. United States—and more recent applications like Murphy v. NCAA that limit Con...
ICE reports large numbers of people in its custody with “pending criminal charges,” but publicly available reporting and ICE datasets reviewed here do not provide a systematic national breakdown showi...
A well-resourced federal immigration and investigative agency with broad authorities — embodied today by ’s Homeland Security Investigations (HSI) and — is argued to be necessary to trace, disrupt, an...
I‑200 and I‑205 are ICE administrative warrants—internal authorization forms that document ICE’s authority to take someone into immigration custody but are not judicially issued or reviewed, and there...
State and local non-cooperation—commonly called “sanctuary” or restriction policies—have a measurable, if uneven, dampening effect on ICE’s ability to convert local arrests into federal immigration ar...
Since 2020 U.S. cities have layered a patchwork of formal ordinances, administrative directives and practical limits designed to blunt local cooperation with ICE — banning warrantless detainer holds, ...
States can decline to participate in specific federal programs and thereby forgo the associated federal dollars, but they do not automatically lose all federal funding — and the federal government can...
State and local officers do not generally possess independent authority to enforce federal civil immigration law, but they interact with ICE through statutory delegations, formal agreements like 287(g...
ICE’s intensified focus on Minnesota is the result of an administratively driven surge — a concentrated deployment of enforcement personnel tied to the Trump administration’s declared crackdown and sp...
Between 2009 and 2016, a mix of court decisions and state and local policies constrained some tactical tools ICE used while leaving its overall removal capacity intact: federal court settlements and y...