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President Trump announced a plan to direct a new U.S. census to exclude people without legal status from the population totals used for apportionment, a proposal that contradicts longstanding practice...
The most defensible figure in the available reporting for the United States citizen voting‑age population (18+) in 2024 is roughly 236–238 million people, a range supported by multiple Census‑based pr...
Agencies and OPM guidance make clear that “excepted” activities during a lapse in appropriations are limited: functions that protect life and property, work funded by alternative (non‑annual) sources,...
Federal reporting and advocacy analyses disagree on which agencies incurred the largest FY2025 reductions, but three consistent patterns emerge: major cuts were concentrated in social-benefit and educ...
The 2018–2019 U.S. federal government shutdown ran from December 22, 2018 to January 25, 2019, lasting , and it was the longest partial shutdown in modern U.S. history at that time . The shutdown aros...
Federal employees during the 2025 shutdown were either furloughed or ordered to work without pay; federal law—the Government Employee Fair Treatment Act of 2019—requires retroactive pay for both furlo...
Courts have read the Census Clause’s directive to count “persons” expansively: judicial decisions and long administrative practice treat the census as a —not a roster of citizens—and permit a range of...
The Supreme Court treated the citizenship-question fight as a mixed legal outcome: it recognized the Secretary of Commerce’s statutory authority to ask about citizenship but blocked the specific 2020 ...
Multiple federal district and bankruptcy courts are publicly saying that REAL ID is not required to enter their courthouses — state-issued photo IDs and other federal IDs remain acceptable — but feder...
The General Services Administration (GSA) sets a "minimal value" threshold that determines which gifts from foreign governments federal employees must report or turn over; statute requires GSA to reca...
China replaced its old quota system with a license‑based export regime for refined silver effective January 1, 2026, naming a limited roster of authorized firms to control outward flows and prioritize...
The United States imposed 25% tariffs on most steel imports under Section 232 in March–June 2018 (Presidential Proclamation 9704/9705) . The U.S. subsequently negotiated a tariff-rate quota (TRQ) with...
Available reporting shows China is both a huge legitimate producer of precursor and industrial chemicals and an evolving regulator tightening controls; authorities added several substances to controll...
Nazi tax, tariff and labor policies reoriented the German economy toward rearmament, state control and social engineering: the regime tightened trade controls and pursued autarky and bilateral trade a...
The Four Year Plan was a Nazi economic program ordered by Adolf Hitler to make Germany ready for war within four years by accelerating rearmament and moving the economy toward autarky/self-sufficiency...
The analyses provided converge on a clear finding: the agencies most affected by furloughs during the 2018–2019 federal government shutdown included the Department of Homeland Security, the National P...
The central finding is that during the October 2013 federal government shutdown, a wide array of nonessential federal services and agencies were either closed or sharply limited, while core “excepted”...
The FY2025 “clean” Continuing Resolution (Full‑Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, P.L. 119‑4) locks in in base discretionary budget authority for FY2025, split about programs, and larg...
Past continuing resolutions (CRs) have frequently carried that sought to shape agency rules or block executive actions, and they produced mixed outcomes ranging from successful, enduring policy restri...
The most affected agencies in the current shutdown and the parallel continuing resolution are those that rely on annual discretionary appropriations and grant cycles: . Reporting and analyses repeated...