Index/Organizations/European Court of Justice

European Court of Justice

Supreme court in the European Union, one of two constituent courts of the Court of Justice of the European Union

Fact-Checks

24 results
Dec 11, 2025
Most Viewed

Does the EU chat control law apply retroactively to messages sent before enactment?

The proposal known as “Chat Control” or the EU Regulation to Prevent and Combat Child Sexual Abuse (CSAR) has been in negotiation through 2025 and the Council reached a political agreement on a revise...

Nov 5, 2025
Most Viewed

Can ISPs legally block Tor traffic in the United States in 2025?

ISPs in the United States can sometimes block or be required to block specific traffic, but whether they can lawfully . Federal court decisions weakening national net neutrality protections in early 2...

Dec 4, 2025
Most Viewed

Russia Today barred in europe

The EU imposed a broadcasting ban on Russia Today (RT) and Sputnik in March 2022 as part of sanctions tied to the invasion of Ukraine, suspending their licences and prohibiting distribution across the...

Dec 17, 2025

when would chat control be written into law? Assuming negotiations conclude in April 2026

If trilogue negotiations finish in April 2026, the EU’s “Chat Control” (CSAR) text could be adopted by the European Parliament and Council immediately thereafter and become law once published in the O...

Oct 22, 2025

How does Denmark's burka ban compare to similar laws in other European countries?

Denmark introduced a national ban on full-face veils in 2018 and has moved to extend that prohibition into educational settings in 2025, framing the measure as a defense of ; critics argue it infringe...

Feb 1, 2026

What legal challenges and court precedents might be used to contest a final Chat Control regulation?

A final "" regulation would face predictable, multi‑front legal assault grounded in Charter rights to privacy and data protection, established precedents against generalized surveillance, and principl...

Jan 26, 2026

Ukraine and Russia

The – confrontation is a prolonged, multi-phase conflict that escalated from Russia’s into a , producing shifting front lines, large-scale displacement and entrenched geopolitical rivalry . Battles of...

Oct 24, 2025

How does the EU's use of biometric data from US travelers impact US EU relations in 2025?

The EU’s Entry/Exit System (EES), launched in October 2025, mandates collection of biometric identifiers — facial images and fingerprints — from non‑EU visitors, including Americans, and is reshaping ...

Jan 29, 2026

How do legal orders in Sweden apply to VPN providers and what historical cases set precedent?

’s legal landscape treats VPN providers differently from traditional ISPs: existing statutes and court decisions have generally found VPNs outside the specific reporting and retention duties that bind...

Dec 31, 2025

Are there countries that ban Jewish religious practices or synagogue construction today?

Yes — some modern governments enforce laws or policies that effectively ban or restrict specific Jewish religious practices today (notably ritual slaughter and sometimes circumcision), and many countr...

Dec 16, 2025

Does EU law generally permit retroactive application of criminal or civil obligations to communications?

EU law does not categorically allow blanket retroactive criminalisation, and the Court of Justice has long recognised limits on retroactivity—especially for penal rules—while permitting retrospective ...

Feb 2, 2026

What are the specific 2020 changes Hungary made to asylum procedures that led to the original ECJ finding?

2020 finding against targeted a suite of legal and practical changes introduced during 2020 that, the Court concluded, systematically restricted access to and substituted detention-like “transit zone”...

Feb 2, 2026

Hungary getting fined for not taking in immigrants

has ordered to pay a lump sum fine of and face an additional penalty of €1 million for every day it fails to bring its asylum procedures into line with after repeatedly blocking access to asylum appli...

Feb 1, 2026

What safeguards (judicial review, minimisation, retention limits) are proposed in EU impact assessments to protect users’ fundamental rights?

embeds Fundamental Rights Impact Assessments (FRIAs) as a core safeguard for high‑risk AI systems, requiring deployers to identify risks and put in place technical, procedural and governance measures ...

Jan 31, 2026

In the EU-Mercosur FTA, are there safeguards (for agricultural products by EU farmers). Also, is there a removal or reduction of standards (for health, food safety and the environment)

The EU‑ agreement includes explicit, legally framed safeguards: quotas/tariff‑rate limits for sensitive products, a bilateral safeguard clause allowing temporary suspension of tariff preferences, enha...

Jan 30, 2026

Exit tax for Dutch people leave the Netherlands

is actively developing an that would lock in tax claims on unrealised gains and certain international income when residents emigrate, with proposals discussed that could extend the tax claim for up to...

Jan 26, 2026

Are there international human rights rulings about criminalizing anonymity tools?

International human rights bodies and experts have repeatedly treated tools as protections for the rights to privacy and , issuing strong guidance that states should not unduly limit or criminalize th...

Dec 20, 2025

What is chat control and which jurisdictions are implementing it?

Chat Control is the shorthand used by critics for the European Union’s proposed Regulation to Prevent and Combat Child Sexual Abuse (CSAR), a legal package that would obligate digital service provider...

Dec 19, 2025

headdress and muslin tourist in Europe

Tourists who wear Muslim headdresses—hijabs, niqabs or burqas—face a patchwork of European rules: full or partial public-face bans exist in several countries and workplace or institutional neutrality ...

Dec 9, 2025

How have courts in my country ruled on challenges to compulsory digital identity systems

Courts in countries with high-profile digital ID programmes have split between upholding the schemes’ broad public-policy aims and imposing legal limits to protect privacy and constitutional rights: I...