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Difficulties in estimating the unauthorized immigrant population due to data limitations and methodological differences
No single, authoritative tally exists for how many people were living in the United States without legal status on December 31, 2025; independent researchers and advocacy groups produce divergent esti...
Recent estimates of the total undocumented (unauthorized) immigrant population in the for the 2020–2025 window vary widely because different research teams use distinct data sources and methods; headl...
in has grown since 2019 but the increase has not been uniform: national estimates from policy researchers show several million more unauthorized residents concentrated increasingly in a subset of stat...
Methodological choices — especially which data sources researchers use, how they define and estimate "undocumented" populations, the geographic scale of analysis, and the crime categories modeled — sy...