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Member Bank of Federal Reserve
Annual U.S. inflation eased to about 2.9% at the end of 2024 (December 2024) and early-2025 12‑month measures showed a modest uptick to roughly 3.0% by January 2025, reflecting a tight band around the...
Illegal (unauthorized/undocumented) immigrants produce measurable economic benefits for the United States—contributing taxes, filling essential jobs, and supporting GDP growth—while also creating loca...
Headline CPI shows modestly higher annual inflation in early 2025 than in late 2024: the CPI rose 3.0% from January 2024 to January 2025 versus 2.9% for the 12 months ending December 2024 (BLS) . Mont...
From 2021–2024 the United States saw an unprecedented surge in net international migration, with multiple analyses reporting annual net inflows well above historical norms and total net migration in t...
Illegal (undocumented) immigrants influence the U.S. labor market, but the effect is complex: they increase labor supply and exert downward pressure on wages in some low-skill occupations while also f...
Debt held by the public is roughly in the range of about 115–119 percent of GDP today, depending on the measure and cut of the data — the Congressional Budget Office and Joint Economic Committee put “...
Inflation in 2025 was driven by a mix of housing and medical-care price strength, a rebound in goods prices (partly tied to tariffs), and episodic energy and food swings; headline CPI hit about 2.9–3....
AI so far has nudged unemployment upward in select pockets—notably among younger and some college‑educated workers—while overall unemployment effects remain modest in aggregate according to several re...
Two principal federal and research estimates frame the recent surge in net migration: the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) places net inflows of “other foreign nationals” — largely unauthorized migra...
Federal debt held by the public in 2025 is roughly equal to the size of the U.S. economy — about 100 percent of GDP — according to the Congressional Budget Office and Treasury-based data, though publi...
Three families of methods dominate efforts to count the U.S. unauthorized immigrant population: the residual estimation approach that subtracts estimated lawful immigrants from total foreign‑born coun...
AI is already reshaping tasks and some occupations, producing measurable disruption for specific groups—notably younger workers in AI‑exposed roles—but broad, sustained mass unemployment has not yet m...
Cutting U.S. immigration to historically low levels today would produce an immediate drag on growth—lower consumer spending, slower job growth and measurable GDP loss—while over the longer term it wou...
Official agencies and major nonpartisan analysts disagree about the scale and timing of net illegal (unauthorized) immigration from 2021–2025, but the clearest federal-origin estimates show a surge in...
Since 2025 global public debt is elevated: world debt reached $111 trillion or about 94.7% of GDP in 2025 , and many advanced economies show public-debt ratios near or above historical peaks — for exa...
Halting immigration has materially reshaped U.S. labor supply: official and academic estimates show net migration falling from roughly 2.2 million in 2024 to near half a million (or even negative in s...
The idea that “0–20 million people from all over the world rushed into our country” over a short period is not supported by the reporting in these sources; government and think‑tank data show a large ...
A strong body of recent research finds that immigration is, on balance, a net positive for U.S. economic growth and labor‑force expansion: several analyses estimate lower GDP growth if immigration fal...
Global and supply‑chain factors were central to the 2021–2025 inflation episode, especially in 2021–2022 when pandemic reopenings and energy shocks pushed prices up, but domestic policy choices (fisca...
Forecasts and recent data in the provided reporting point to inflation moving above 2% but remaining below the pandemic peak: several forecasters expect CPI around 2.9–3.2% for 2025–26 while some meas...