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President Donald J. Trump, across his time in office and into his second term through December 9, 2025, had 260 Article III federal judges confirmed — including three Supreme Court associate justices ...
Three current U.S. Supreme Court justices—Neil Gorsuch, Brett Kavanaugh and Amy Coney Barrett—were appointed by President Donald Trump, a shift that transformed the Court’s center of gravity and helpe...
The Heritage Foundation has produced a steady stream of conservative officials who have moved into influential government roles, particularly in Republican administrations: at least 66 employees and a...
The Senate’s “nuclear option” was invoked multiple times before 2025 to lower the cloture threshold for certain nominations: the most consequential changes occurred in (Democrats, Harry Reid), (Republ...
Donald J. Trump’s recent and prior administrations put forward a long list of claimed accomplishments spanning executive actions, economic metrics, trade and energy moves, and high-profile appointment...
Donald Trump’s first term produced a large, well-documented reshaping of the federal bench: 234 Article III judges were confirmed from 2017–2021, including three Supreme Court justices and 54 appellat...
The reporting and opinions show this was not a 7–2 decision but a sharply divided 6–3 Supreme Court ruling that recognized substantial presidential immunity from criminal prosecution for some official...
Donald Trump’s judicial appointments substantially increased the share of Republican-appointed judges on the federal bench—most markedly on the courts of appeals—while producing only more modest shift...
The procedural “nuclear option” has been used in the Senate and has affected Supreme Court confirmations: Democrats first invoked it for most nominations in November 2013, and Republicans extended the...
In 2017 Senate Republicans led by Majority Leader Mitch McConnell invoked the so-called to eliminate the 60-vote threshold for cloture on Supreme Court nominations, allowing Neil Gorsuch to be confirm...
Eliminating the 60-vote threshold for Supreme Court confirmations converts the decision from a supermajority safeguard into a simple-majority outcome, a change that was implemented for Supreme Court n...
Federal courts are split on prosecutions that rest mainly on internet service provider (ISP) logs or third‑party reports: several circuits treat provider matching and tips as permissible leads that do...
Republicans in the Senate invoked the so‑called “nuclear option” on April 6, 2017, voting 52–48 along party lines to change Senate precedent so Supreme Court nominations could be clotured and then con...
Ending the Senate filibuster for nominations in 2025 would allow confirmations of Supreme Court and federal judges by simple majority, dramatically accelerating nomination timelines and reducing minor...
The 2013 and 2017 actions are the two Senate precedents commonly cited for changing filibuster-related rules by majority vote: in Senate Democrats led by Majority Leader Harry Reid invoked what was ca...
The core difference is scope: the 2013 change narrowed the filibuster’s reach by eliminating the 60-vote threshold for ending debate on most presidential nominees—executive-branch appointees and lower...
The 2013 and 2017 Senate “nuclear option” moves both eliminated the 60-vote cloture threshold for ending debate on nominations, but they differed in : the 2013 change reduced the threshold for executi...
The 2017 “nuclear option” was a Republican-led change that eliminated the Senate filibuster for Supreme Court nominations, enabling the confirmation of Neil Gorsuch by a simple majority and extending ...
The core claims are that the Senate’s 2013 and 2017 invocations of the “nuclear option” , and that these changes . The immediate effects were faster confirmations and a shift toward majoritarian confi...
Mitch McConnell’s 2017 invocation of the “nuclear option” changed Senate precedent to allow rather than the traditional 60-vote cloture threshold, clearing the way for Neil Gorsuch’s confirmation. Tha...