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Iraqi president, army officer and Baathist politician (1937–2006)
At comparable points in their presidencies — notably around year-end points in re‑election cycles and first‑term benchmarks like the first 100 days — available sources show wide variation: Reagan and ...
The question “Who started the war in Iran?” can point to different conflicts; the largest historically is the Iran–Iraq War (1980–1988), which began when Iraqi forces invaded Iran in September 1980 . ...
The claim that Donald Trump "started the Iraq war" is false: the invasion of Iraq was ordered and launched by President George W. Bush in March 2003 as part of a U.S.-led coalition, not by Donald Trum...
A recurrent theme in modern politics is the rhetorical casting of opponents as the Antichrist — a label applied across the ideological spectrum to figures from presidents to foreign leaders — yet hist...
The 9/11 Commission concluded that the U.S. government did not cause the attacks but was plagued by systematic failures—failures of imagination, policy, capabilities, and management—that left it unabl...
Official investigations into the September 11, 2001 attacks—most prominently the FBI’s PENTTBOM inquiry, the bipartisan 9/11 Commission, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) W...
Carl Levin was a leading Senate voice who opposed the 2003 Iraq war, voted against the 2002 use-of-force resolution, and used his chairmanship of the Senate Armed Services Committee to push oversight ...
Jesse Helms was a U.S. Senator from North Carolina (1973–2003) who influenced American foreign policy as chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee (1995–2001) and as a vocal conservative crit...
Jesse Helms was a five-term U.S. senator from North Carolina (1973–2003) who shaped U.S. foreign policy debates as long‑time chair of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee (1995–2001) and as a vocal ...
The 9/11 Commission’s Final Report is the product of an independent, bipartisan panel that conducted public hearings, interviewed witnesses, and compiled documentary evidence to explain the planning, ...
The official 9/11 Commission Report presents a comprehensive reconstruction of the September 11, 2001 attacks, identifying al‑Qaeda as the architect and 19 Islamist hijackers as the perpetrators, diag...