Index/Organizations/Citizen Lab

Citizen Lab

Research organization based in Canada

Fact-Checks

21 results
Nov 18, 2025
Most Viewed

iphone banned israeli spyware

Claims that iPhones have been “banned” because of Israeli spyware or that Israeli spyware is embedded on all phones are mixed with well-documented legal and technical fights between Apple and Israeli ...

Nov 18, 2025
Most Viewed

Which Israeli spyware was banned from iPhones and why?

Apple sought a legal ban and technical fixes to stop NSO Group’s Pegasus spyware from infecting iPhones after researchers and Apple found it was used to target journalists, activists and officials; Ap...

Oct 25, 2025
Most Viewed

Why has media attention shifted away from Iran

Media attention has shifted away from Iran for multiple, overlapping reasons: Western newsrooms amplified hawkish framing and then pivoted as new crises emerged, Iranian state control and harassment p...

Nov 18, 2025

How did Apple detect and respond to Israeli spyware targeting iOS devices?

Apple has repeatedly detected and responded to mercenary Israeli-made spyware — notably Pegasus and later tools tied to firms like Paragon — by fixing exploited iOS vulnerabilities, notifying likely t...

Nov 19, 2025

What evidence supports claims that Israel installed unremovable spyware or chips in Foxconn-made phones?

Claims that Israel installed “unremovable” spyware or hardware chips in Foxconn-made phones rest on two distinct kinds of reporting in the public record: (A) forensic research showing malware signed w...

Nov 19, 2025

Hungary & Turkey will ban #Apple phones as China, Indonesia and Russia confirms the Israel installing Unremovable 'Spyware' #software and chips in Foxconn-Made #Phones.

Claims that Hungary and Turkey will ban all Apple phones because "China, Indonesia and Russia confirm[ed] Israel installing unremovable 'spyware' and chips in Foxconn‑made phones" are not supported in...

Nov 15, 2025

Which African countries have accused Israel of operating spy networks?

Multiple reports and investigations say Israel-linked intelligence and private cyber‑surveillance firms have been implicated in spying activities across Africa — with specific African governments and ...

Oct 22, 2025

Are there documented cases of foreign governments funding domestic protests?

There are multiple documented cases in 2025 where foreign governments or state-linked networks have funded or supported efforts that sought to influence or destabilize domestic politics abroad, includ...

Nov 19, 2025

Which Israeli companies develop spyware used against iPhones and what are their tools called?

Multiple Israeli-founded firms are repeatedly identified in reporting as makers of high‑end spyware that can compromise iPhones: NSO Group (maker of Pegasus) and at least two others — QuaDream (REIGN)...

Dec 19, 2025

Which provinces, stakeholders, or advocacy groups support or oppose Bill C-2 and why?

Bill C-2 — branded by the government as the Strong Borders Act — is backed publicly by the federal Liberal government as a pillar of its border-security agenda and by law‑enforcement groups arguing it...

Dec 5, 2025

Where can I find the full texts, parliamentary debates, and status updates for Bills C-2, C-8, C-9, and C-63?

You can find bill texts, debates and status updates on official Parliament sites (LEGISinfo and the House of Commons pages) and government releases; for Bill C‑2 the government press release and Justi...

Dec 3, 2025

Have Egyptian intelligence services previously monitored American citizens involved in journalism, activism, or academia?

Yes. Multiple reports and investigations show Egyptian intelligence and state-linked actors have surveilled and targeted journalists, activists and academics — including operations that reached abroad...

Nov 30, 2025

What is the legislative timeline and likelihood of passage for Bill C-2 in the House of Commons and Senate?

Bill C-2 (the “Strong Borders Act”) was introduced in June 2025 and completed first reading in the House of Commons on June 3, 2025 (introductory and explanatory materials and Charter Statement tabled...

Nov 22, 2025

What documented cases exist of Egypt targeting dissidents abroad with spyware or surveillance operations?

Documented reporting and technical research show multiple instances where Egyptian authorities or Egypt-linked actors have used commercial spyware, malware campaigns, and other digital-surveillance to...

Nov 19, 2025

Have countries banned the sale of iPhone due to finding Israeli spyware embedded in parts made by Foxconn

There is no reliable reporting in the provided sources that any country has imposed a nationwide consumer ban on iPhone sales because “Israeli spyware” was found embedded in parts made by Foxconn; fac...

Nov 18, 2025

How does Bill C-2 affect criminal justice reforms in Canada?

Bill C-2 is omnibus “Strong Borders” legislation that, if enacted, would expand law‑enforcement and national‑security powers (including new definitions and access to “subscriber information,” expanded...

Nov 18, 2025

Who were the primary targets of the banned Israeli spyware and what data was compromised?

Investigations and court rulings show Israeli-made spyware products such as NSO Group’s Pegasus and Paragon/Graphite have primarily been used to target journalists, human-rights activists, lawyers, di...

Nov 18, 2025

Which African governments have publicly accused Israel of running espionage networks and when were the accusations made?

A number of African governments have been reported to use Israeli-made cyber-surveillance tools and spyware — with reporting and research naming Botswana, Equatorial Guinea, Kenya, Morocco, Nigeria, Z...

Nov 18, 2025

What constitutional or Charter challenges are likely if Bill C-8 is enacted?

Bill C‑8 reintroduces broad cybersecurity powers that critics say permit warrantless collection from telecoms, orders that could weaken encryption or cut services, and expansive ministerial discretion...

Nov 12, 2025

Are there similar spy network allegations against Israel by other African nations?

There are multiple, documented allegations that Israeli-origin spyware and intelligence activities have been used across several African countries, with reporting and research naming nations such as M...