Index/Organizations/Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Academic journal of the National Academy of Sciences

Fact-Checks

74 results
Jan 28, 2026
Most Viewed

Is it true that the right has committed more violence than the left

The preponderance of empirical research and multiple datasets indicates that, historically and in aggregate, have committed more frequent and deadlier acts of political violence than left‑wing extremi...

Jan 31, 2026
Most Viewed

How much voter fraud in 2020 elections

The best contemporaneous reporting and peer-reviewed analysis conclude that in the presidential election was vanishingly small and not systematic: an review identified fewer than 475 potential cases a...

Jan 29, 2026
Most Viewed

What peer-reviewed studies compare homicide rates between undocumented immigrants and U.S.-born residents?

The strongest peer-reviewed comparison comes from a 2020 paper in the that used arrest records to compare criminality across , legal immigrants, and U.S.-born residents and reported substantially lowe...

Nov 26, 2025

What share of violent crimes in the U.S. are committed by undocumented immigrants versus citizens?

Recent, peer-reviewed and government-funded studies find that undocumented immigrants are arrested and incarcerated at substantially lower rates than U.S.-born citizens for violent and other felony cr...

Jan 24, 2026

How do sanctuary policies impact local crime rates and public safety based on empirical studies?

A growing body of empirical research finds that do not increase crime and in many studies are associated with equal or lower rates of violent and property crime compared with non‑sanctuary jurisdictio...

Nov 13, 2025

How does Fox News bias compare to CNN or MSNBC?

Fox News is consistently identified as the most of the three cable outlets, while CNN and MSNBC are generally identified as , with substantial variation by time slot and show. Multiple measurement met...

Dec 4, 2025

How do police shooting rates by race compare when adjusted for crime rates and population?

When measured per capita, Black Americans experienced about 6.1–6.2 fatal police shootings per million people per year versus roughly 2.4 per million for white Americans between 2015 and Dec. 2024 (Wa...

Nov 17, 2025

How do sanctuary states and cities impact the number of ICE arrests?

Research shows sanctuary policies tend to reduce how often local jails honor ICE detainer requests and are associated with fewer deportations, while most empirical studies find no measurable increase ...

Jan 25, 2026

Was blm movement violent

The (BLM) movement has been overwhelmingly peaceful in its demonstrations: monitoring groups recorded that roughly 95% of protests during the involved peaceful participants and fewer than 5% involved ...

Nov 15, 2025

what percentage of private health care insurance costs are sales and administrative

Estimates vary because analysts measure different things: private insurers’ overhead (administration + profits) is commonly reported around 11–18% of premiums for employer and individual markets, whil...

Oct 3, 2025

How did local law enforcement respond to Obama's sanctuary city guidance?

Local law enforcement responded to the Obama-era sanctuary guidance by largely shifting practices away from broad cooperation with federal deportation efforts, adopting local “sanctuary” or noncoopera...

Jan 24, 2026

Was tgere voter fraud in 2020

Yes—there were isolated, proven instances of , as there are in most elections, but exhaustive reporting, court rulings, statistical analyses, and statements from specialists found no evidence of wides...

Jan 17, 2026

How have conflicts of interest and prior funding ties shaped early scientific responses to the lab‑leak hypothesis?

Conflicts of interest and prior funding ties played a central, contested role in shaping the scientific community’s initial response to the lab‑leak hypothesis: early, authoritative statements that fr...

Dec 5, 2025

Which states conducted audits of their 2020 election results and what were the findings?

Multiple states and thousands of local jurisdictions ran official post‑election audits after the 2020 general election; routine audits and recounts in states such as Georgia, Virginia, North Carolina ...

Jan 26, 2026

Number of women and children each year that are violently murdered by illegals?

There is no reliable, nationwide count of how many women and children are violently murdered each year specifically by people without legal status; multiple fact‑checks and research reviews state that...

Jan 18, 2026

which preaident deported the most illigal alians

Barack Obama is widely documented as having overseen the largest number of formal removals ("deportations") of noncitizens in modern U.S. history, a tally commonly cited at roughly three million over ...

Jan 17, 2026

do illegal do more harm than US citizens

A substantial body of empirical research finds that undocumented immigrants are arrested and incarcerated at lower rates than U.S.-born citizens across violent, drug, and property offenses, and that i...

Jan 18, 2026

How many ICE raids occurred in U.S. schools since 2020 by year?

A definitive count of how many ICE raids occurred in U.S. schools since 2020 by year is not available in the sources provided: ICE’s public statistics do not break out enforcement actions by precise l...

Jan 15, 2026

Have modern ballistic or forensic tests (e.g., CT, metal analysis) re-evaluated the calibers and shooter locations in the JFK case?

Modern forensic work has repeatedly re-examined JFK assassination evidence using newer techniques—neutron activation and other metal analyses, digital 3‑D preservation, laboratory re-testing and compu...

Dec 5, 2025

Us political violence incidents right wing Islamist

Academic data show that in the United States, right‑wing and Islamist extremists have similar levels of violence in some datasets, while globally Islamist attacks tend to be deadlier; researchers foun...